Journal of Surgical Education
Volume 67, Issue 2 , Pages 61-65 , March 2010

Cold Injury in the United States Military Population: Current Trends and Comparison with Past Conflicts

  • Andrew Hall, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence: Inquiries to Andrew Hall, MD, Department of Surgery, Keesler Medical Center, 301 Fisher Street, Keesler AFB, MS 39534; fax: +228-376-0128
    • ,
  • Kendrix Evans, MD
    • ,
  • Shea Pribyl, DO

References 

  1. Hanson H, Goldman R. Cold injury in man: a review of its etiology and discussion of its prediction. Mil Med. 1969;134:1307–1316
  2. Pruitt F. Management of frostbite in the Korean War. Nebraska State Med J. 1954;39:3–8
  3. Shalizi H. Ninety Afghan frostbite victims have amputations. Reuters http://www.reuters.com2008, Feb 10;
  4. Roche-Nagle G, Murphy D, Collins A, et al. Frostbite: management options. Eur J Emerg Med. 2008;15:173–175
  5. Jurkovich G. Environmental cold-induced injury. Surg Clin N Am. 2007;87:247–267
  6. Emergency War Surgery. Washington, DC: Borden Institute; 2004;
  7. Cold Injury-Korea, OK. 1951-52: Report 113. Ft. Knox, Kentucky: Army Medical Research Laboratory; 1953.
  8. Vester J, Ekman C. Cold injury treatment centre in Korea: report of operations during winter of 1952-1953. U.S. Armed Forces Med J. 1955;6:171–176
  9. Hastings M. The Korean War. New York: Simon & Schuster; 1987;
  10. Orr K, Fainer D. Cold injuries in Korea during winter of 1950-51. Medicine. 1952;31:177–220
  11. Oppel R. 9 Soldiers killed in Afghanistan. New York Times http://www.nytimes.comAugust 3, 2009;
  12. Candler W. Cold weather injuries among US Soldiers in Alaska: a five-year review. Mil Med. 1997;162:788–791
  13. Carpenter C. USMC Capability: Mountain/Cold Weather Operations. Quantico, VA: USMC Command and Staff College; 2005;
  14. Stanton SUS. Army Uniforms of the Korean War. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books; 1992;
  15. Weinberg S, Ulrich C, Orr K. Foot conditions and bootgear in combat. U.S. Armed Forces Med J. 1953;4:1139–1148
  16. Cold Weather (CWLC, CWOC and alit) Student Handout: Winter 2008-2009, 14th edn. US Army Alaska Northern Warfare Training Center; 2008.

 The opinions and/or assertions contained herein are solely those of the authors and should not be construed as reflecting those of the United States Air Force, Department of Defense, or government.

PII: S1931-7204(10)00031-0

doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2010.02.003

Journal of Surgical Education
Volume 67, Issue 2 , Pages 61-65 , March 2010

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