Performance Goals on Simulators Boost Resident Motivation and Skills Laboratory Attendance

Objective

To assess the impact of setting simulator training goals on resident motivation and skills laboratory attendance.

Design

Residents followed a proficiency-based laparoscopic curriculum on the 5 Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery and 9 virtual reality tasks. Training goals consisted of the average expert performance on each task + 2 SD (mandatory) and best expert performance (optional). Residents rated the impact of the training goals on their motivation on a 20-point visual analog scale. Performance and attendance data were analyzed and correlated (Spearman's). Data are reported as medians (range).

Setting

General Surgery residency program at a regional referral Academic Medical Center.

Participants

General surgery residents (n = 15).

Results

During the first 5 months of the curriculum, weekly attendance rate was 51% (range, 8-96). After 153 (range, 21-412) repetitions, resident speed improved by 97% (range, 18-230), errors improved by 17% (range, 0-24), and motion efficiency by 59% (range, 26-114) compared with their baseline. Nine (60%) residents achieved proficiency in 7 (range, 3-14) and the best goals in 3.5 (range, 1-9) tasks; the other 6 residents had attendance rates <30%. Residents rated the impact of setting performance goals on their motivation as 15 (range, 1-18) and setting a best goal as 13 (range, 1-18). Motivation ratings correlated positively with attendance rates, number of repetitions, performance improvement, and achievement of proficiency and best goals (r = 0.59-0.75; p < 0.05) but negatively with postgraduate year (PGY) (−0.67; p = 0.02).

Conclusions

Setting training goals on simulators are associated with improved resident motivation to participate in a simulator curriculum. While more stringent goals may potentiate this effect, they have a limited impact on senior residents. Further research is needed to investigate ways to improve skills laboratory attendance.

Key Words: skills training, proficiency-based training, goal directed curriculum, skills laboratory attendance

Competency: Practice Based Learning